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|  | Phytochemical and microbiological studies of some Fijian plant extracts
Author: Patel, Kirti
Institution: University of the South Pacific.
Award: M.Sc.
Subject: Plant extracts -- Fiji, Phytochemical -- Fiji
Date: 2005.
Call No.: Pac QK 861 .P382 2005
BRN: 1014892
Copyright:60-80% of this thesis may be copied without the authors written permission
Abstract: This thesis is organised into 2 parts, A and B. In part A, the results of some GC-MS analysis and microbiological studies on essential oils from Fijian Plant species are reported. Part B reports the isolation and structure elucidation of desmethoxyyangonin from A.zerumbet mixture. Part A The essential oils components of the following Fijian plant species Eryngium foetidum, Coriandrum sativum, Cinnamomum verum, Alpinia zerumbet and Spondias dulcis were analysed using GC and GC-MS. E. foetidum leaf essential oils had 25 components present with (E)-2-dodecenal (70.68 %) as the major component. C. sativum leaf essential oils had 43 components with 2-decen-1-ol (24.25 %) as the major component. C. verum leaf essential oils had 31 components with eugenol (86.02 %) as the major component. S. dulcis leaf essential oils had 22 components with -pinene (48.11 %) as the major component In A. zerumbet 47 components were identified in the rhizome essential oils and 41 components were identified for the leaf and flower essential oils. 4- Terpineol was the major component in the leaves (25.31 %), rhizomes (19.25 %) and flowers (20.29 %). Furthermore, the essential oils of the following Fijian plant species: Melaleuca quinquenervia, C. verum, A. zerumbet, Pimenta racemose, Coleus amboinicus, Cymbopogon coloratus were tested for antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial and antidengue activities. xvii In antibacterial and antifungal activity studies, essential oils from A. zerumbet rhizomes showed good inhibition for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Furthermore all essential oils were tested for antimalarial activity in the Ferriprotoporphyrin IX Biomineralization Inhibition test (FBIT) and PfNEK-protein kinase test. Only the essential oils from the leaves of C. coloratus and rhizomes of A. zerumbet showed antimalarial activity in the FBIT. Antidengue tests showed negative results, that’s no antidengue activity for all the essential oils samples investigated. Part B Part B reports the isolation and structure elucidation of desmethoxyyangonin (a kavalactone known to be found in only Piper methysticum) from A. zerumbet. Non-volatile fractions of the leaves and flowers of A. zerumbet were also investigated. Desmethoxyyangonin was isolated from the non-polar extracts of leaves and flowers of A. zerumbet. The structure of desmethoxyyangonin was elucidated using MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HMQC spectral data.
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